A native of the Americas, pitaya is currently a fruit-bearing plant in expansion in the domestic and international market and is an alternative source of revenue for small and large farmers. As some studies show the lack of efficiency of natural pollinators in fructification in pitaya, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of manual self-pollination and of manual cross-pollination in Hylocereus undatus in two periods of pollination. The experiment was carried out in the orchard of the Universidade Federal de Lavras (Federal University of Lavras) in a completely randomized design with a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement (two types of pollination and two flowering periods) with 15 replications, with one flower per replication. The flowers were bagged, emasculated, and pollinated manually. The percentage of fruit set, the longitudinal and transversal diameter of the fruit, mass of the fruit, pulp and peel, thickness of the peel, soluble solids contents, pH, titratable acidity, ratio (soluble solids: titratable acidity), number of seeds per fruit and seed germination was evaluated. It may be concluded that pollination in red pitaya with its own pollen allows fructification. Flowers pollinated in Apr. result in fruit with physical characteristics superior to the fruit generated by pollination in Jan.
